A shadow market for unapproved slimming medications is being driven by TikTok fitness influencers and vendors on communication apps, based on new investigations.
Retatrutide, which is still in research studies, is being advertised by online personalities for its alleged weight-reducing properties. Followers are urged to contact these accounts privately for supplier links, while also obtaining promotional offers.
Separately, a robust market exists on messaging services, where communities with thousands of members share comparison images, injection guides and claims of next-day UK delivery. Vendors promote the substance there before redirecting buyers to WhatsApp for transactions.
Retatrutide is an experimental injection developed by American pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly. The drug affects three gut hormones – GLP-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and pancreatic hormone. Preliminary studies suggest it could assist individuals lose up to a quarter of their body weight. Nicknamed the “triple G”, the substance is being promoted online as the next Ozempic.
Nevertheless, doctors and chemists have warned that the distribution of what remains an unlicensed drug in the UK is a cause for concern and could result in users injecting products of uncertain source.
Some professionals said the demand for the experimental drug could be linked to the increasing cost of approved weight loss treatments such as Mounjaro.
Marketing retatrutide on social media or messaging apps is illegal in the United Kingdom, as it is an unlicensed medication that must not be promoted or supplied for personal consumption under the Human Medicines Regulations 2012.
Several influencers attempt to sidestep the regulations by calling to the drug as a “research chemical” or citing it as “not for human consumption”. The substance is not a controlled drug, but promotion and supply can still breach medicines, marketing, and consumer laws, potentially leading to penalties, legal action or prison.
According to TikTok, the platform has removed violative content and prohibited associated hashtags and query recommendations. The organization stated it was dedicated to keeping the platform secure and investing in enhancing enforcement strategies.
Research also found communities with up to 9,000 members selling retatrutide using the platform's built-in search feature, which operates like a online catalog. Entering “retatrutide” instantly brings up channels with numerous of members, filled with photos of slimming results, positive testimonials and detailed instructions for preparing or injecting at residence.
After minutes of entering one group, a seller shared WhatsApp details, where most transactions occur. The vendor sent an instruction manual and guaranteed shipping within two days. When questioned whether the substance was authentic, one seller responded: “You can’t be sure.” Another shared a photo of a supposed laboratory certificate. Not one inquired about weight, medical conditions or past usage.
Inside these communities, posts show dark colored packages with postal service stickers, stating to include fresh supplies. One communication read: “It took eight of us to load them this morning.”
Buyers can select between powder vials, prepared at residence with purified liquid, or pre-filled pens usually sold at £160 for 20 milligrams. When asked how much time a pen should be used, sellers give conflicting responses varying between a several days to “depends on your body”.
A representative for the messaging service stated it actively moderated dangerous content on its service including material that promoted the “misuse of controlled medications”. The company noted that it removed “millions of pieces of harmful content each day”.
“People are administering materials they can’t verify. Even if the science behind retatrutide is sound, these digital versions may not include what they claim,” said a pharmacy expert, the head of pharmaceutical services at Chemist4U.
Dr Crystal Wyllie of Asda Online Doctor connected the surge in interest to current cost increases for approved weight-loss medications such as Mounjaro. “With costs rising, patients are using online platforms. But counterfeit injections are extremely dangerous. You cannot know what’s inside or whether the environment they were made in was sterile,” she said.
Her staff has previously seen patients injured by personal administration from unverified sources. “We recognize the disappointment, but buying from messaging apps or communication platforms is taking chances with your health,” stated Wyllie. “These materials could be impure or improperly measured.”
A spokesperson from Eli Lilly stated the substance was in phase 3 research studies and had not been reviewed or approved by any government authority anywhere in the world. “Consequently at this point no one can sell [it] for personal consumption,” they explained, adding that any product “falsely representing itself as a company investigational substance not yet authorized … may expose patients to possibly significant health risks”.
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